由T/P卫星测高数据建立南中国海潮汐模型的初步研究

A Preliminary Study of the Establishment of Ocean Tide Models in South China Sea from T/P Altimetry

应用T／P卫星测高数据具有良好空间分布的特点，采用空域分析方法，将各分潮的振幅和迟角参数转换为一对正交参数，每一参数均用关于地理位置的三次多项式表示，由此得到在空间域上以多项式系数为待定参数的测高观测方程。通过对观测数据的最小二乘拟合求解待定参数，建立了南中国海主潮波的多项式拟合模型。用多种数据和方法对模型进行了检核和评估。验证了该模型明显比常用的Schwiderski全球模型以及较新的SR95．1全球模型更符合南中国海实际潮波。

Based on the characteristic of the perfect spatial distribution of the T/P altimeter data,a spatial analysis method is performed, which transfers the constituents harmonic constant H and g into a pair of orthogonal paramters U and V, and then expresse each of them with a polyno-mial function.As Parameters, the polynomial coefficients are derived with altimeter data on the least squares critetia. Thus the medels of the main tidal wave in South China Sea are established.72 wees of TOPEX/POSEIDON data through weeks 11 to 82 are included in the calculation.The medels are evaluated with different approaches and data set. The concLusion is that the tide medels can provide partial tide amplitudes with 3cm accuracy, phase lags deviation of thOSe amplitudes which are larg over 10 cm are within ±10°, and the tide medels derived are better than those of Schwiderski and SR95. 1.