宁夏固原市原州区城市家庭主妇膳食营养知信行(K-A-P)现况调查

Cross-sectional Study on Knowledge,Attitude and Practice of Diet Nutrition Among Urban Housewives in Yuanzhou District of Guyuan,Ningxia

目的了解宁夏固原市城市家庭主妇(男)营养知识(K)、态度(A)、行为(P)水平及其主要影响因素,为贫困地区营养健康教育提供依据。方法①根据居民小区的地理分布,采用整群随即抽样的方法,对520名固原市原州区城市家庭主妇(男)进行入户访谈式问卷调查。②利用SPSS软件对调查数据进行分析处理。结果①家庭主妇(男)营养知识总知晓率为60.2%;对中国居民膳食指南及膳食宝塔内容的知晓率不到20%;对慢性病与膳食的关系的知晓率不到50%。②不同文化程度调查对象的膳食营养知识的知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),受教育程度越高,营养知识知晓率越高。③家庭主妇对营养知识及合理的饮食习惯的态度的认可率为71.9%,不注意营养和食品安全信息者比例较高(占54.2%)。④居民饮食和烹调习惯离中国居民膳食宝塔所建议的要求差距较大。结论宁夏固原地区城市家庭主妇合理营养的知识水平亟待提高,饮食习惯亟待改善。

Objective To investigate the status of knowledge（K）,attitude（A） and practice（P） of nutrition among urban housewives（husbands） in Guyuan,Ningxia,and to provide the reference for health education about nutrition in poverty-stricken areas. Methods With the cluster random sampling method and according to the residential distribution of the residents,family interviews were conducted in 520 urban housewives（husbands） of Yuanzhou District of Guyuan.The interview results were analyzed using SPSS software. Results The total awareness rate of nutrition knowledge of housewives（husbands） was 60.2%.The awareness rate of Dietary Guide for Chinese Residents and Chinese Balanced Diet Guideline was less than 20%.The awareness rate of the relation between diet habits and chronic diseases was less than 50%.There were statistically significant differences in the awareness rate of dietary nutrition knowledge among the housewives（husbands） with different educational backgrounds（P〈0.001）.The higher the education level,the higher the awareness rate.The attitudinal acceptance rate of the nutritional knowledge and balanced diet among the housewives was 71.9%,but the negligence of food nutrition and safety accounted for 54.2%.There was a large gap between Chinese Balanced Diet Guideline and the surveyed residents＇ diet and cooking style. Conclusions The residents＇ nutritional knowledge and diet habits are still to be enhanced and improved.