2009年华容县80例手足口病患儿病原学及临床特征研究

Study on Etiology and Clinical Characteristics of 80 Cases of Hand-foot-and-mouth Disease in Huarong County in 2009

目的对疑似手足口病的住院患儿结合临床症状应用分子生物学方法进行实验室检测,及早确定治疗方案与预防策略,防止暴发流行。方法对疑似患儿进行流行病学调查,采集肛拭纸、咽拭纸、疱疹液及脑脊液,提取RNA,运用3对特异性引物进行PCR扩增,对阳性病例的性别、年龄和流行月份等指标进行统计学分析。结果 80例疑似手足口病患儿经RT-PCR检测,肠道病毒通用引物阳性的有64例(80%),其中EV71引物阳性的39例(48.75%),COX-A16引物阳性的19例(23.75%),EV71与COXA16引物同时阳性的有6例(7.5%),患儿性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),全年病例主要分布在5月份(18.75%)。无死亡病例。结论对手足口病疑似患儿进行病原学检测,能为临床治疗及制定预防措施提供科学依据。

Objective To diagnose the cases of hand-foot-and-mouth disease through clinical symptoms and molecular biology techniques,and to formulate therapeutic regimens and prophylaxis strategy for preventing its outbreak. Methods The epidemiological survey was conducted among the suspected children.Reverse transcription was carried out after extracting the RNA from the anal swabs,throat swabs,bleb fluid and cerebrospinal fluid of the children.Three pairs of PCR primers were designed to amplify the nucleic acid.The sex,age and epidemic month of the positive cases were statistically analyzed. Results Eighty suspected cases were detected by RT-PCR,and 64（80%） were positive with consensus primer,in which 39 were positive with EV71 primer（48.75%） and 19（23.75%） were positive with COXA16 primer,and 6（7.5%） were simultaneously positive with EV71 and COXA16 primers.No statistically significant difference was found in the sex of the cases（P〈0.05）.Most of the cases occurred in May,2009（18.75%）,and no death case happened. Conclusions The nucleic acid detection by RT-PCR can offer the scientific evidence for clinical diagnosing and treating hand-foot-and-mouth disease and making its preventive measures.