珍稀濒危植物天台鹅耳枥营养器官的解剖学研究

Anatomical Study on Vegetative Organs of Carpinus tientaiensis

采用组织离析法和石蜡切片法对天台鹅耳枥(Carpinus tientaiensis)营养器官的解剖学结构进行研究,结果表明,天台鹅耳枥根的周皮厚,皮层具厚壁细胞,次生木质部导管发达,根的中央无髓;茎的木栓层壁栓质化,导管横径较大,茎的皮层和髓的薄壁组织细胞中含有晶体;叶属异面叶,表皮具角质层由单层细胞组成,气孔主要集中在下表皮,为不规则形,栅栏组织由一层细胞组成,叶片主脉木质部发达,由多列导管组成,叶片在林窗较高光强下加厚,在林缘和林下较低光强下变薄,天台鹅耳枥具有较强的耐荫能力。由解剖结构特点表明天台鹅耳枥与其所处山区林中和溪谷两旁生态环境相适应的特性。

Anatomical structures of vegetative organs of Carpinus tientaiensis, a rare and endangered species in China, were studied by isolation and paraffin section methods. The results demonstrated that the root is composed of thick epidermis, thick-walled cortex and developed secondary xylem vessel without pith. The stem consists of suberized phellem wall, larger vessel diameter, and stem cortex and pith containing a number of crystals. The leaf is bifacial with single layer of cutin covered epidermis cells. The irregular-shaped stomas distribute in lower leaf surface, palisade tissue is composed of one layer of cells, its main vein is made up of well developed xylem with a number of radial arranged vessels. The leaves are thickened in canopy gaps under higher light intensity, and became thinner in forest edge and understory with lower light intensity. Anatomical structure characteristics indicate that C. tientaiensis has adaptability in the shaded or canyon environment.