复合益生菌发酵饲料工艺参数及品质研究

Research on Process Parameters and Quality of the Complex Probiotics Fermented Feed

研究以玉米、小麦粉、菜籽粕和豆粕按一定比例混合为原料,采用固态发酵法,探讨复合益生菌接种量、发酵水分、温度、时间等发酵工艺参数对发酵饲料品质的影响。结果表明,菌种接种量、水分、温度和时间均对发酵饲料品质有显著影响,选择适宜的发酵工艺参数,可显著提高饲料乳酸菌数量、乳酸含量、游离氨基酸和粗蛋白体外消化率。本试验中,饲料发酵的适合工艺参数为:复合益生菌接种量5%、发酵水分40%、温度30～35℃、发酵时间3 d,所得发酵饲料表观品质为金黄色、芳香味、质地良好,pH值为4.27、游离氨基酸氮/总氮为13.73%、总菌数为5.50×10~8 cfu·g^(-1)、乳酸菌数和乳酸含量分别为16.17×10~8 cfu·g^(-1)和4.86 g·kg^(-1),干物质回收率为99.04%,粗蛋白体外消化率较发酵前提高了17.81%。

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of inoculum size,moisture,temperature and time on the quality of fermented feed using corn,wheat flour,rape seed meal and soybean meal mixed according to a certain proportion as raw materials, with complex probiotics solid fermentation technics.The results showed that both inoculum size,moisture,temperature,time have a significant influence on quality of fermented feed.The appropriate fermentation process parameters could improve the number of lactic acid bacteria,lactic acid content,free amino acids and in vitro digestibility of crude protein.In this experiment the optimum parameters of the fermented feed were：inoculum size 5.0%,moisture 40%,temperature 30～35℃,fermentation time 3 days.On this condition,the sensory evaluation of fermented feed is golden yellow,aromatic flavor,good texture.Value of pH,number of total microorganisms and lactic acid bacteria,lactic acid is 4.27,5.50×10~8 cfu·g^（-1）,16.17×10~8 cfu·g^（-1） and 4.86 g·kg^（-1）,respectively.Content of total free amino acid occupy 13.73%of total nitrogen.Dry matter recovery is 99.04%and in vitro digestibility of crude protein increased by 17.81%.