甜樱桃7个品种花粉数量及花粉萌芽率测定

Determination of the Pollen Number and Pollen Germination Rate of Seven Sweet Cherry Varieties

采用纤维素酶解法和离体培养法分别对甜樱桃7个品种单花药内花粉数量和不同培养基上花粉萌芽率进行了研究。结果表明:不同品种间花粉数量差异较大,萨米脱、拉宾斯、友谊、美早、早大果、布鲁克斯和红灯的平均花粉数分别为2 984,2 312,2 168,1 950,1 913,1 513,1 133粒/花药;拉宾斯的花粉萌芽率最高,其次为友谊、萨米脱和布鲁克斯,美早和红灯的花粉萌芽率最低;MS基本培养基对花粉的萌发有明显促进作用;蔗糖比果糖和甘露醇更利于花粉萌发;适宜花粉萌发的蔗糖浓度为20%;低浓度硼酸促进花粉萌发,高浓度硼酸抑制花粉萌发;钼酸钠对樱桃花粉萌发无明显促进作用;适合花粉萌发的pH值为6.8。

Using the fresh pollen of ′Brooks,Zao Daguo,Summit,Hongdeng,Tieton,Lapins and Youyi′ as materials for studying pollen number and pollen germination by the methods of Enzymolysis and Isolated culture respectively.The results showed that the average pollen number per anther of those seven varieties 1 513,1 913,2 984,1 133,2 312,1 950,2 168 respectively.The pollen vitality of Lapins was the highest,followed by Youyi,Summit and Brooks while Tieton and Hongdeng is the lowest.MS minimal medium could promote pollen germination obviously.Sucrose played an important role on promoting pollen germination rate of sweet cherry other than fructose and mannite.The proper sucrose concentration for pollen germination of sweet cherry was 20%.Low Boric acid could promote pollen germination rate and too high Boric acid showed an inhibit effect on pollen germination.Sodium molybdate didn′t show an obviously effect on promoting pollen germination.The proper pH valve for pollen germination of sweet cherry is 6.8.