菌根真菌增强植物抗盐碱胁迫能力的研究进展

Resource Status of Mycorrhizal Fungi Increase Plant Saline-alkaline Tolerance

土壤盐碱化是一个全球性问题,我国盐碱化土壤面积较大,严重影响当前农业发展,因此提高植物抗盐碱胁迫能力,盐碱土壤改良已成为当前我国生物科学面临的重大课题之一。菌根真菌是生态系统中普遍存在的土壤微生物,它在增强寄主植物的抗盐碱胁迫能力中的作用逐渐引起国内外学者的广泛关注。笔者从盐碱胁迫下菌根真菌对植物生长、营养吸收的影响,和菌根真菌提高植物抗盐碱胁迫能力的机理两方面,对近年来国内外有关研究成果进行了综述。同时也对当前研究中存在的问题以及今后的研究方向进行了探讨。

Salinization is a compelling global problem and large area of China is covered by saline-alkali soil,which has imposed severe influence over the agricultural development.Therefore,improving the salt-alkaline resistance of plants and reforming soil structure have been a very challenging issue to biological science.Mycorrhizal fungi are soil microorganisms universally existing in the ecological system,and they play a significant role in increasing the salt-alkaline resistance in the host plants,which has drawn increasing attention of scholars both at home and abroad.This article reviews recent national and international academic achievements based on the effects of mycorrihizal fungi on the growth and nutrition absorption of plants under salinity-alkalinity stress and the mechanism of the improvement of the plants′ salt resistance.Furthermore,it also probes into current challenging issues and research tendency in the near future.