禅宗与灵感——论“垮掉禅”对“垮掉的一代”文学创作之影响

Zen and Inspiration:Influence of "Beat Zen" on the Beat Generation Literary Writing

20世纪50年代之"垮掉的一代"既是文化运动,亦是文学运动。"垮掉的一代"作家与佛禅有极深的因缘。在修习过程中,他们将佛禅与美国本土文化相融合而发展成为"垮掉禅"。正是"垮掉禅"对禅宗之挪用、误读和扭曲,才启发了他们的创作灵感,触发了他们采用自发性写作、自由流动写作、冥想和呼吸写作等崭新的文学创作方法,从而也展示了其作品存在的价值和永久的魅力。同时,"垮掉禅"也推动了佛禅在美国社会生活、文化领域之渗透,促进了佛禅在美国本土化实践之进程。

The Beat Generation in the 1950s is a cultural movement and literary one as well.The Beat Writers have a lot to do with Zen Buddhism.While learning and enlightening Zen Buddhism,they integrate it into the American native culture to develop into Beat Zen.It is Beat Zen＇s misappropriating,misreading and misunderstanding Zen Buddhism that trigger their creative inspiration and inspire them to adopt such original writing methods as spontaneous writing,free writing,meditation and breathing writing,thus showing the value and permanent charm of their works.Meanwhile,Beat Zen helps to infiltrate Zen Buddhism into American society and culture,and speed up the process of Zen＇s being Americanized.