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载人航天器操作器系统述评 被引量:5

A Review of Manipulator Systems On board Manned Spacecraft
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摘要 地球轨道载人航天器的操作器系统用于支持微重力环境舱外活动运作,对空间站的组建与维护以及空间科学实验具有重要的作用。研究美国航天飞机与国际空间站及俄罗斯和平号空间站上所有的操作器系统,即美国航天飞机遥控操作器系统;国际空间站上的空间站移动服务系统、日本实验舱遥控操作器系统、欧洲自动臂、轨道更换单元搬运装置、以及改进型天箭号吊机;和平号空间站上的天箭号吊机与舱段再对接操作器系统。其中,轨道更换单元搬运装置与天箭号吊机由航天员直接手动操作,而其它操作器系统都是自动运作。每个操作器系统都有确定的应用目的,合理的设计使它们成功地执行各自所赋予的使命。 Space manipulator systems play an important role in the construction, maintenance and operations of space stations, and can be used to support extravehicular activities (EVAs) and scientific experiments and other operations in space. In this paper studies.various manipulator systems on board manned spacecraft, including the Shuttle Remote Manipulator System (SRMS); the Space Station Mobile Servicing System (SSMSS); the Japanese Experiment Module Remote Manipulator System (JEMRMS); the European Robotic Arm (ERA); the Orbital Replacement Unit Transfer Device (OTD); the Strela cranes, and the Redocking Manipulator Arm Lyappa. The SRMS is used on space shuttle. The SSMSS , the JEMRMS, the ERA, the OTD and the improved Strela cranes are designed for the International Space Station (ISS). The Strela cranes and the Lyappa arm were used on the Russian Mir Space Station. Among these manipulators, the Strela cranes and the OTD are crew-operated arms, and other all manipulators are robotic arms. Each manipulator has a specific purpose and each has been designed to successfully complete its assigned mission.
出处 《载人航天》 CSCD 2009年第4期11-25,62,共16页 Manned Spaceflight
关键词 操作器 机械臂 航天飞机 国际空间站 和平号空间站 Manipulator, Mechanical arm, Space Shuttle, International Space Station, Mir Space Station
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