灵魂的渴望——论高特弗里德·本恩诗歌中的宗教性

Desire of the Soul:The Religiousness of Gottfried Benn's Poems

德国著名表现主义诗人本恩(Gottfried Benn,1886-1956)生于一个新教牧师家庭,却没有受父亲的影响走进基督教会,而是成了一名医生。虽是如此,在他一生发表的近五百首诗歌中,上帝与众神仍然是重要的主题。无论是在生命的哪个阶段,本恩对神、对上帝、对神性与信仰的思索都没有停止。根据荣格的心理学理论,人之所以会思考宗教问题,是因为人有灵魂。作为一个医生诗人,本恩虽然没有在解剖人体的时候发现灵魂,却在一首首诗歌里表现出对灵魂的认识以及灵魂对至高无上者的体验与渴求。

The famous expressionistic poet Gottfried Benn （1886-1956） was the son of an evangelic priest. But he did not follow his father and never committed to the Christian church. Instead he studied medicine and became a doctor. Nevertheless the topic of God and the divine spirit was very important in many of the almost five hundred poems he published. Through all of his life Benn never ceased to contemplate about Gods, celestial beings and the belief in them. According to C. G. Jung the human being is determined to ponder upon the religious, because of its own soul. As a doctor Benn dissected the human body and never found the human soul. But in his lyrics he expressed many diverse facets of the soul and showed its experience with the absolute and the unquenchable desire for it.