马拉松赛对业余选手内环境干扰的监测

Monitoring and assessing the changes of internal environment of amateurs during the marathon

目的观察并评估马拉松赛业余选手内环境的变化。方法 26名全程及24名半程马拉松赛业余选手赛前1周体检,比赛当天选择与内环境相关项目25项进行现场采血监测,进行赛前赛后比较。结果 50名选手赛后均表现出体重下降、尿量减少、尿比重升高(P<0.01);血Na+与Ca2+降低,K+及血乳酸升高(P<0.01);PvO2及SvO2明显升高(P<0.01),动脉氧含量降低,静脉氧含量增加,动静脉氧含量差增大(P<0.01)。结论马拉松赛业余选手内环境呈现多方面变化,主要表现在体液量和质及血气的变化,以及氧供需平衡等方面。

Objective To observe and evaluate the changes of internal environment of amateurs during the marathon.Methods Twenty-six whole-range and 24 half-range marathon amateurs were selected. They were examined one week before the match. Twenty-five items associated with the internal environment were monitored,and compared between the data before and after the match. Results All subjects displayed decrease in weight and urine volume,but increase in urine specific gravity （P0.01）. The concentrations of blood Na＋ and Ca2＋ decreased,but blood K＋ and lactic acid increased （P0.01）. Further,PvO2 and SvO2 increased obviously （P0.01）,and the arterial oxygen content decreased,but the venous oxygen content was increased,which led to an increase in the difference of arteriovenous oxygen content （P0.01）. Conclusion The internal environment of the marathon amateurs displays changes in many aspects,which mainly in the volume and quality of body fluid,blood gases,the relationship between the oxygen supply and demand etc.