模糊随机需求条件下三级供应链的数量折扣协调策略

Quantity Discount Strategy for Coordinating a Three Level Supply Chain with Fuzzy Random Demand

为了分析模糊随机需求条件下三级供应链协调策略,考虑提前期内需求为模糊随机变量,建立由供应商、制造商和零售商所组成的三级供应链优化决策和数量折扣协调模型,其中订单量、再订货点为决策变量.首先推导出提前期内需求为模糊随机变量条件下的各成员成本和供应链总成本函数,然后设计相应的算法对模型进行求解,最后通过算例验证了模型的实用性,并进行比较分析.结果表明:采用数量折扣协调策略能够降低三级供应链总成本;如果在制造商的上下游企业同时引入数量折扣策略,此时所引起的三级供应链总成本低于仅在制造商的下游企业引入数量折扣时的三级供应链总成本,亦低于未提供任何数量折扣策略时的三级供应链总成本;模糊随机需求条件下三级供应链总成本高于随机需求条件下的三级供应链总成本.

To analyze the coordination strategy for three level supply chain with fuzzy random demand,the quantity discount coordinating model for a three level supply chain consisting of a supplier,a manufacturer and a retailer was developed,in which the order quantity and reorder point are decision variables.The cost functions of individual members and supply chain were obtained and the corresponding algorithm was developed to find the optimal solution to the model.At last,a numerical example was given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.The numerical analysis shows that incorporating quantity discounts can reduce three level supply chain cost,and incorporating quantity discounts into both upstream and downstream of the manufacturer can significantly decrease supply chain costs compared to concen-（trating） only on the downstream.The cost of three level supply chain with fuzzy random demand is（greater） than that of three level supply chain with random demand.