大兴安岭地区野生蓝莓生殖生态学研究

Research on the Ecology of the Wild Blueberry Reproduction in Daxinganling Region

[目的]研究大兴安岭野生蓝莓生殖特性,为野生蓝莓人工化种植提供重要的指导。[方法]依据蓝莓生长的土壤类型不同,划分了3个生境类型的蓝莓种群,分别进行生殖特性研究。[结果]草甸土蓝莓种群结实量较大,是蓝莓生长的最适生境;环境因素对蓝莓生殖也有很大的影响,乔木层郁闭度、灌木层盖度、光照强度、人为干扰等环境条件对蓝莓生长有积极的作用,土壤pH值、土壤含水量、土壤有机质越大越不利于蓝莓的生长。[结论]在野生蓝莓的经营管理中,以就地保护为主,对现有资源充分利用有利生态因素,抑制不利因素,促进蓝莓种群生殖。

[Objective] The important guidance of the artificial cultivation of wild blueberry in Daxinganling was provided through the study on its reproductive characteristics.[Method] According to the different types of soil grown with blueberry,three types of the habitat of blueberry were divided for the research on the reproductive characteristics of blueberry.[Results] The largest amount of blueberry fruit was from the its planting in meadow soil,indicating the type of soil being optimal environment for blueberry growth.The environmental factors had a great influence on the blueberry reproductive and the density of tree canopy layer,the cover of shrub layer,the light intensity,the human interference and other environmental conditions affected positively the blueberry growth.The larger the pH value,the content of moisture and organic matter in soil was,the worse the blueberry growth was.[Conclusion] The full use of ecological factor and existing resource and the inhibition of unfavorable facto were main measure in the operation and management of wild blueberry.