农业废弃物棉杆活性炭的制备及其孔隙结构分析

Preparation of Activated Carbon from Cotton Stalk and Analysis on Its Pore Structure

[目的]研究棉杆活性炭制备的最佳试验条件及其孔隙结构特征。[方法]以农业废弃物棉杆为原料、ZnCl2为活化剂,马弗炉加热制备活性炭,用正交试验方法得出活性炭制备的最佳试验条件。同时,用扫描电镜对其结构进行观察。[结果]在活化剂浓度为50%、浸泡时间16 h、反应温度600℃、反应时间70 min的工艺条件下,可得产率13%、碘吸附值1 008.1 mg/g、亚甲基蓝吸附值489.6mg/g的活性炭,亚甲基蓝吸附值达到国家木质净水一级活性炭标准的3.62倍,并且棉杆活性炭具有丰富和发达的蜂窝状孔隙结构。[结论]该研究为拓宽活性炭生产的原料来源提供了一定的理论依据。

[Objective]The aim was to research the optimal experimental conditions of preparing activated carbon from cotton stalk and its pore structure characters.[Method]With the cotton stalk as the material and ZnCl2 as activator,heated by muffle furnace,the optimal experimental conditions of preparing activated carbon from cotton stalk were achieved by the orthogonal test.Meanwhile,the pore structure characters of activated carbon were observed by SEM.[Result]The results showed that under the conditions of the activator concentration 50%,soaking time 16,the reaction temperature 600 ℃,reaction time 70 minutes,the activated carbon of iodine adsorption value 1 008.1 mg/g,methylene blue adsorption value 489.6 mg/g and yield of 13% was obtained and the methylene blue adsorption value up to 3.62 times of the first grade activated carbon from wood for water purification and the cotton stalk activated charcoal had enriched and developed cellular pore structure.[Conclusion]The study provided the theoretical basis for broadenting the sources of producing activated carbon.