表达周遍的“是X是Y”格式

Research on the Pattern "shi(是)X shi(是)Y" Expressing Universality

具有反义关系、成对互配使用的X、Y构成了一个集合,为"是X是Y"表达周遍提供了前提。"是"经历了"确指肯定>凡指肯定>纯表指称"的演变过程,这使得"是X是Y"的功能性质和句法位置都发生了转变:由述谓性成分变为指称性成分,由谓语核心位置移到了主语或话题位置。"是X是Y"的功能语法化引发其结构发生了语法化。表达周遍意义的"是X是Y"具有一定性和离散性,这两个特点是所有周遍性成分所共同具有的。

Antonymous X and Y are made up of a set,which lay a base for expressing universality of ＂shi（是）X shi（是）Y＂.＂Shi（是）＂ experienced the process of development from ＂accurate affirmation＂,＂general affirmation＂ to ＂only expressing reference＂,which made syntactic function and position of ＂shi（是）X shi（是）Y＂ change—from predicative function to referential function,from predicate to subject or topic.The functional grammaticalization of ＂shi（是）X shi（是）Y＂ causes its structure to do grammaticalization.The construction ＂shi（是）X shi（是）Y＂ expressing universality has two features—definiteness and discreteness,which all of universal elements have.