基于投入占用产出理论的黑龙江省水资源经济分析

Economic Analysis of Water Resources for Heilongjiang Province based on Input-Occupancy-Output Technique

水资源是制约社会经济可持续发展的重要因素之一,故水资源有限的情况下,合理利用水资源,提高用水的经济效益就变得愈加重要。以黑龙江省为例基于投入占用产出理论建立水资源投入产出表,计算该省的用水效率和用水效益。基于两者的比较分析,对黑龙江省国民经济部门的用水特性进行了综合评价。研究结果表明,黑龙江省农业耗水量最大却效率低下,用水成本高,经济效益差;工业用水效率高,经济效益较好。因此,建议应提高农业内部用水效率,发展工业,调整全省的产业用水结构,提高用水的整体经济效益,为建立节水型社会提供科学的决策依据。

Water resources is one of important factors to affect the social economic sustainable development,it is becoming more important to consume water rationally and to improve the economic benefit of water use.Heilongjiang Province was taken as a case study in this paper,the input-output table of water resources based on input-occupancy-output technique was designed,the water use efficiency and the water use benefit were calculated.On the comparison of the two factors,the characterization of water consumption was evaluated.The study result showed that the water consumption of agriculture was higher,but the water use efficiency was lower,the cost was not economical,the economic benefit was poor;and water use efficiency of industry was higher,economic benefit was good.So it was proposed that the inside water use efficiency of agriculture should be enhanced and that of industry should be developed even more.In order to improve the total economic efficiency of water use,the structure of water consumption departments should be adjusted to provide scientific decision-making references for building saving-water society.