住院精神分裂症患者阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的初步筛查

The primary screening of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in schizophrenia inpatients

目的 调查住院精神分裂症患者中阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）的患病情况.方法 对825例住院精神分裂症患者进行有关体重指数、打鼾、嗜睡情况等问卷调查,运用体重指数、打鼾程度评价及嗜睡评价量表评分进行OSAHS的初步筛查,并对OSAHS可能的危险因素进行分析.结果 初步筛查OSAHS患者61例（男性53例,女性8例）,患病率为7.39%（男性8.6%,女性3.8%）,男性患病率显著高于女性患病率（χ2=5.462,P＜0.05）.OSAHS患者中伴发高血压、糖尿病、高血脂的发生率（分别为36.1%,41.0%,44.3%）高于住院精神分裂症患者伴发高血压、糖尿病、高血脂的发生率（分别为21.6%,18.5%,25.4%）,存在统计学差异（χ2=6.746,17.837,10.256;均P＜0.01）.结论 住院精神分裂症患者中具有较高的OSAHS患病率,高血压、糖尿病和高脂血症可能是OSAHS危险因素.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea--hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS） in schizophrenia inpatients. Methods A total of 825 schizophrenia inpatients were asked to answer the questions from a questionnaire concerning body mass index（BMI）, snoring and daytime sleepiness, et al. The prevalence of OSAHS was estimated from the results. The data of possible risk factors of OSAHS were collected retrospectively. Results A total of 61 patients met the criteria for OS- AHS（53 male and 8 female）. The prevalence of OSAHS was 7.39%. The incidence of OSAHS（8.60//00） in male patients was significantly higher than that（3.8 ~/00 ） in females（ X2 = 5. 462, P = 0. 019）. The coincidence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia in OSAHS（36.1 %,41.0 % and 44.3% respectively） were significantly higher than that in schizophrenia inpatient（21.6 %, 18.5% and 25.4% respectively）without OSAHS. There were significant differences between two population（ X^2= 6. 746, 17. 837,10. 256 P = 0. 009, 0. 000, 0. 001 respectively）. Conclusions There is high prevalence of OSAHS in schizophrenia inpatient,especially in male inpatients. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia probably are the risk factors for OSAHS in schizophrenia inpatients.