文本阅读理解中精加工推理及错误记忆探讨

RESEARCH ON ELABORATIVE INFERENCE AND MEMORY ILLUSIONOF TEXT COMPREHENSION

以说明文为阅读文本,通过使用累计窗口技术、自定步调的阅读时间法和句子核证法,结合一般世界知识的激活考察了文本阅读理解中精加工推理和错误记忆现象。实验1结果表明,被试在文本阅读理解中产生了精加工推理,内涵推理成绩显著高于外延推理;与文本信息密切相关的一般世界知识容易被激活。实验2结果表明,文本阅读中存在错误记忆现象;错误记忆随着一般世界知识与原文关联程度增强而增加。结论:文本阅读理解中存在精加工推理和错误记忆现象,二者均与一般世界知识的激活有关;文本阅读中的错误记忆与DRM范式(Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm)中的错误记忆一样具有顽固性。

his article explored elaborative inference and memory illusion of Chinese long exposition texts in sentence-certified paradigm when undergraduate students read the text by self-adjusted-pace time and cumulatingsentenceparadigm on the computer; and simultaneously it studied the activation of the general world knowledge. The results of Experiment 1 showed that the readers could generate broad inference with the significant differences between broad inference and stricted inference; and the general world knowledge which closely interrelated with thetext was activated. The results of Experiment 2 indicated that memory illusion was generated when Chinese longexposition texts were comprehended; and as general world knowledge interrelated with the text meaning closely,memory illusion was generated easily. The conclusions were as follows： first, elaborative inference and memory illusion can be generated when readers comprehend long exposition texts, and both of them interrelate with generalworld knowledge; second, memory illusion is as obstinate on the text comprehension as in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm.