简论需要层次差异对劳动关系非对等性的影响

The Influence of Hierarchy of Needs on the Non-equivalent of Labor Relations

需要的层次和紧迫性直接影响博弈过程中的角色、地位和能力。在劳动力市场上和劳动关系中,劳方总体上是基于生存的需要,资方总体上是基于充分发展和自我实现的需要,双方对劳动关系能否缔结和维系具有明显不同的依赖度,在谈判、要价、妥协过程中具有明显不等的"权力差异"、"地位、能力差异";劳资产权分立的格局促成和强化了这种差异。这些反差是结构性的、逻辑性的,内嵌于社会结构之中,是劳动关系的非对等性、不平衡性的决定性变量之一。矫治之道应深入到劳资的需要层面,通过提升人力资本价值、缓减劳资产权分立、建立集体谈判机制、普及社会保障、促进知识经济,使多数劳动者基于自由、尊严和发展等较高层次的需要对劳动关系形成期待和依赖,以增强劳动关系的对等性与公平性。

The hierarchy of needs and its urgency influence the roles,status and ability of the process of game.In labor market and labor relations,in general,labor is based on the needs of existence and,capital is based on the needs of sufficient development and self realization.We should promote the value of human capital,reduce the property division of labor and capital,establish the mechanism of collective bargaining,set up the system of social security and promote the knowledge economy so as to make most of laborers expect and depend on labor relations on higher hierarchy of needs based on freedom,dignity and development,and strengthen the equivalent and fairness of labor relations.