青海高原高寒草原类草地动态变化研究

Study on Dynamic Changes of Alpine Grasslands in Qinghai

利用多年对青海高寒草原类草地的调查资料,分析研究了该类草地分布特征以及动态变化,结果表明:高原高寒草原类草地在近40年的演变过程中,草地成分种类明显减少,尤其是伴生种趋于减少,毒杂草增加。同时,草地植被总覆盖度下降24%,地上部分可食鲜草产量下降382.5～1022.7kg/hm2,降幅为31.88%～58%;优势种植株高度下降5.89～11cm,降幅为42.3%～44.5%;优势种盖度下降13%～42.65%。

Distribution and dynamic changes of alpine grasslands in Qinghai were analyzed based on the survey data.The results showed that the components declined noticeably,particularly associated species tended to decrease and toxic weeds increased in plateau alpine steppe grassland in the evolution of nearly forty years.Meanwhile,the total vegetation coverage of grassland decreased by 24%,aboveground fresh yield declined to 38.25 kg/hm2 ～102.27kg/hm2,declined by 31.88% ～58%.The height of dominant plants was reduced by 5.89cm～11cm,decline by 42.3 % ～44.5%,dominant species cover decreased by 13% ～42.65%.