考虑环境效应的中国省际全要素能源效率研究

China's Provincial Total-factor Energy Efficiency Considering Environmental Effects

从系统论的角度出发,将能源利用的环境影响纳入全要素能源效率研究框架。运用2000年～2007年中国省际面板数据,以资本存量、从业人员总数和能源消费为投入指标,各省份GDP、CO2和SO2排放量为好和坏的产出指标,选取基于投入导向的BC2-DEA模型,测算包含环境效应的中国省际全要素能源效率,并分析比较全国整体、各省份和三大地区的能效差异;给出2000年～2007年中国省际能源利用效率的4类模式,并采用Tobit模型检验中国全要素能源效率的影响因素。实证分析结果表明,中国全要素能源效率整体水平偏低,各省份、三大地区的能源效率差异显著,节能减排潜力巨大;技术进步、经济结构和能源消费结构的优化对提高能源效率有显著促进作用,市场化水平和能源价格的提升对提高能源效率有积极影响,但是目前这两种机制作用尚未充分发挥。

From the standpoint of system theory,using 29 Chinese provinces′ panel data from the 2000 to 2007,this paper puts energy utilization′s environmental impacts into the study framework of total-factor energy efficiency.Firstly,capital stock,working stuff population and energy consumption were considered as input indeices,and that provincal GDP,CO2 emission and SO2 emissions were considered as good output index and bad output indeices respectively.Secondly,we measured China′s provincial total-factor energy efficiency including environmental effects and compared the efficiency of each province,the whole country and three major areas by utilizing input-oriented BC2-DEA model.Thirdly,four kinds of models of China′s provincal energy efficiency were put forward and Tobit model was used to test the influence factors of China′s total-factor energy efficiency.The empirical results show the low-level of China′s total-factor efficiency and relatively significant differences in energy utilization among all areas and three major regions.Hence,there is large potential of energy conservation and emissions reduction.It is clear that optimizing economic structure and energy consumption structure,as well as technical progress have remarkable facilitation for improving energy efficiency.Enhancing marketization and energy price also have positive influence on improving energy efficiency,but the influence is not remarkable at present.