口腔黏膜原发恶性黑色素瘤的临床和病理

Clinical pathology of primary malignant melanoma of oral mucosa

口腔黏膜原发恶性黑色素瘤是一种少见的恶性肿瘤,具有易复发、易转移、预后较差的特点。由于病例数稀少,临床及随访资料匮乏,并且缺少通行的黏膜恶性黑色素瘤分期分级标准。因此,对口腔黏膜原发恶性黑色素瘤还缺乏全面深入的认识。本文通过回顾相关文献,从流行病学、临床、病理、诊断和鉴别诊断以及分类等方面来概述口腔黏膜原发恶性黑色素瘤的特点。

The primary malignant melanoma（MM） of oral mucosa is a rare entity with unpredictable and aggressive biologic behavior. Unfortunately it is not as well understood or characterized. In the article we reviewed the epidemiologic features and the characteristics of MM,summarized the clinical treatments and patient survival,and discussed the pathologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis. It is important to collect more clinical-pathological information on malignant melanoma of oral mucosa in order to establish a useful classification for mucosa melanomas,and find more effective treatment methods.