《李尔王》双重情节中的二项对立与其叙事结构

Binary Oppositions in Double Plots of "King Lear" and Its Narrative Structure

《李尔王》双重情节中存在着几种二项对立,包括地位高低、男女性别、口头话语与书信以及心理与生理的对立,这不但避免了主次情节的重复,而且使两者成为统一的整体,也使该剧的悲剧意义更为普遍和深刻。此外,从结构主义叙事学的视角出发,该剧情节中最基本的二项对立秩序与混乱规定了该剧的叙事结构,即由于维系个人、家庭、国家和自然界的自然关系的瓦解和重建所引起的从有序到混乱,再到恢复秩序的过程。这也是该剧的主题意义所在。

There are such binary oppositions in double plots of King Lear,including low rank and high rank,male and female,the unreliability of utterance and letter,as well as internal and external,which contribute to the difference between the main plot and subplot,make the wholeness of the two,and make the universality of the tragic meaning of the play.In addition,from the perspective of the narrative theory of literary structuralism,the basic binary oppositions,order and disorder in the play are analyzed,say the process from order to disorder as a result of the destruction and reconstruction of the relation among individual,family,nation,and nature,described as order,disorder,chaotic,recovery,order.This is also the theme of the play.