秦皇岛地区气候干旱与人工增雨的探索

Exploration on Arid Climate and Artificial Precipitation in Qinhuangdao Area

气候分析表明:随着气候变化及环境城市化,秦皇岛市区域年平均气温指数呈上升趋势,特别是近10年出现了连续偏高的异常变化;年降水指数呈明显减小趋势,出现了连年干旱,高温少雨不仅使生态环境不断恶化,而且使农田干旱、水库蓄水严重不足,因此人工增雨变得更加迫切。目前,秦皇岛市人工增雨工作已进入常态化、业务化轨道。总结1999—2008年火箭人工增雨经验,人工增雨操作的技术关键:一是分析局地降水气候规律;二是利用碘化银进行人工增雨需要适当的温度条件,即所谓进行冷云催化。在增雨时应充分考虑这一物理机制,选择好合适的发射高度,把催化剂送到可催化的温度环境中,以保证作业成功率。

Climatic analysis shows that with the urbanization environment in Qinhuangdao the annual average temperature tends to rise,especially in the past ten years,there was an abnormal change that led to the annual average temperature going up.The annual precipitation presents decreasing trend,owing to successive years of drought,the lack of rain,high air temperature,serious shortage of water in reservoir,the deterioration of ecological environment.So there is a pressing demand to artificial precipitation.Now,the artificial weather modification has entered normal operational status.By summing up the experience of artificial precipitation made by rocket from 1999 to 2008,the key skills of artificial precipitation are analyzing the climatic laws of the local precipitation,in the meantime,artificial precipitation using silver iodide needs proper temperature conditions,namely the catalysis of cold cloud.In order to achieve better results,angle of rocket launcher must be suitable,so the catalyst can be sent the environment of catalysis with suitable temperature,and that will ensure success rate.