国外未成年人前科消灭制度之简析

On Foreign System of Abolishing Minors' Criminal Records

国外在前科消灭的方式上主要有法律规定而消灭、法院裁定而消灭、注销记录而消灭等三种方式。联合国关于未成年人前科消灭的制度主要体现在《联合国少年司法最低限度标准规则》(北京规则)和《联合国保护被剥夺自由少年规则》中。目前,各国在前科消灭的机构、条件、期限、程序和法律后果等方面规定较为详细。分析、借鉴外国对未成年人前科消灭制度的经验,对我国未成年人保护工作将起到非常重要的积极作用。

There＇re three ways of abolishing criminal record in the foreing countries： to abolish by law,to abolish by the judgment of court and to abolish by cancelling record.The UN has correlative system in The UN Minimum Standard Rules for Juvenile Justice（Beijing Rules） and The UN Rules for Protection of the Juveniles deprived of Freedom.Now,foreign countries have specified rules of abolishing criminal record at such aspects as organs,conditions,time limit,procedure and legal result.To analyse the foreign system of abolishing minors＇ criminal records and use it for reference will be very important to China＇s protection of minors.