营养盐对海洋卡盾藻生长与产毒的影响

Effect of Some Nutrients on the Growth and Haemolytic Toxins Production of Chattonella marina

海洋卡盾藻(Chattonella marina)是我国南方重要的有害赤潮原因种,其产生的溶血毒素、活性氧等可能是造成鱼类死亡的重要原因.在实验室条件下,研究了氮、磷和铁等营养盐对海洋卡盾藻生长及产毒的影响,以期为阐明海洋卡盾藻溶血毒素生成机制奠定基础.研究结果发现:在铁、氮、磷盐三因素四水平正交实验条件下,铁盐和氮盐是影响海洋卡盾藻生长的显著因子;氮盐和磷盐是影响海洋卡盾藻产毒的显著因子;铁盐浓度0.492mg·L-1、氮盐浓度375mg·L-1、磷盐浓度5mg·L-1时海洋卡盾藻的比生长速率最大;铁盐浓度0mg·L-1、氮盐浓度375mg·L-1、磷盐浓度0.5mg·L-1时海洋卡盾藻的产毒能力最强,即高氮、低磷条件下有利于海洋卡盾藻溶血毒素的合成.

Chattonella marina is one of the most toxic red tide organisms.The hemolytic toxins and reactive oxygen species generated from C.marina could be the main cause for the death of the fish.To establish the mechanism on the formation of the haemolytic toxins,the effects of nitrogen,phosphate and iron salts on the growth and toxin of C.marina have been investigated.The results show that iron and nitrogen salts have significant effects on the growth of C.marina,while nitrogen and phosphate salts have significant effects on the haemolytic toxin production of C.marina.Of all the culture conditions,in iron concentration of 0,0.492,4.92 and 24.6mg·L-1,nitrogen concentration of 0,7.5,75 and 375mg·L-1,and phosphonium concentration of 0,0.5,5 and 25mg·L-1,the growth rate was maximal when the concentration of three nutrients were as followed： iron concentration of 0.492mg·L-1,nitrogen concentration of 375mg·L-1,phosphonium concentration of 5mg·L-1;while the maximal toxin production was in iron concentration of 0mg·L-1,nitrogen concentration of 375mg·L-1,phosphonium concentration of 0.5mg·L-1.The results suggest that the high nitrogen and low phosphate salts can accelerate C.marina to synthesize the hemolytic toxins.