试析建国初期苏联对中国的经济援助

On the Economic Aids Soviet Union Gave China at the Early Stage of the Founding of the People's Republic of China

新中国成立后,中苏结成同盟关系。苏联出于其国内国际政治需要,对中国提供低息贷款、援建重点工程、开办合资公司及开展双边贸易等大规模的经济援助。这些经济援助客观上帮助中国逐步建立了民族工业体系,也加速了中国的工业化进程,中国工业布局也日趋合理。由于苏联的经济援助主要是出于政治因素考虑,两国政治关系出现裂痕势必影响经济关系,中苏同盟的基础实际上相当脆弱。

At the early stage of the founding of the People＇s Republic of China ,the Sino-Soviet alliance relation is built up. Because of domestic and international needs of politics,the Soviet Union provided China with large-scale economic aids,including low-interest loans,helping construct key projects,setting up joint ventures and bilateral trade,and so on. The economic aids help China to establish national industrial system,to speed up industrialization and to have a reasonable industry layout. Soviet Union gave China economic aids with the purpose of establishing politics alliance. Therefore,the rift in the Sino-Soviet political relation is bound to affect the economic relation between the two countries. The Sino-Soviet alliance has actually a fragile foundation.