县域义务教育财政均衡测度的实证研究

Empirical Study on the Measure of Financial Equilibrium in County Compulsory Education

县域义务教育均衡发展的核心是教育财政均衡。目前学界对义务教育财政均衡尚缺乏实证考量。基于教育财政横向均衡理念以及构建义务教育财政均衡测度的指标体系与方法,并利用西部某省H县的数据,定量描述、分析县域义务教育财政均衡。H县义务教育财政非均衡特征主要有:乡村学校之间非均衡度大于城镇;在教育财政结构上,师资水平、人均教室面积等校际间差异相对较大。

Financial equilibrium is the key to balanced development of compulsory education.At present,we lack empirical research of financial equilibrium of compulsory education.Based on the concept of horizontal financial equity,the author constructed indicators and method for measuring the compulsory education financial equilibrium,and analyed the data of H County in a Western province,and discovered the features of financial equilibrium of the county compulsory education,namely,rural school has greater non-equilibrium degree than urban school,the quality of teachers and classroom space per capita difference among schools are large in terms of education financial structure.