美国社会保障制度改革建议与反思

The Proposals And Rethinking of Social Security System Reform in U.S.

改革社会保障制度并恢复其财务平衡是21世纪美国最重要的公共政策问题之一。为此,美国的政策制定者和学者展开了一场关于社会保障制度改革的激烈争论,并提出了广泛的改革建议。本文在介绍了美国社会保障制度的长期赤字规模之后,分析了造成制度长期赤字的根源,然后重点梳理了2000年以来主要的改革建议,最后通过反思美国社会保障改革的争论得出了几点启示,希冀有助于中国养老社会保险制度的完善和发展。

Reforming the social security system and restoring its financial balance is one of the most important issues of public policy in the U.S.on 21st century.To this end,the U.S.policymakers and scholars launch a heated debate on the reform of the social security system and offer wide-ranging reform proposals.After introducing the size of the system＇s long-term deficit,this article analyses the main causes of the system＇s deficit,and highlights four major reform proposals which have offered since 2000,with a conclusion that some inspirations took from reflecting the debate are helpful to develop and improve the old-age social insurance system of China.