论美国环境公民诉讼制度中的原告资格

On the Plaintiff Qualifications in American Citizens Litigation System of Environment

美国环境公民诉讼制度的核心是相当宽泛的原告资格的确定,其精髓在于鼓励普通公民对与自身无直接利益关联的环境违法行为提起诉讼,以监督环境执法和促进环境法律的实施;为限制公民或环保团体滥用诉权,美国法律明确规定了公民诉讼的适用范围、可诉对象和禁止诉讼的事项。

The core of American citizen litigation system of environment is the rather broad determination of plaintiff qualifications,and its essence is to encourage ordinary citizens to litigate environment crimes which are not in direct interest of them,so as to promote and supervise the enforcement of environment laws.In order to avoid the abuse of suit right of citizens and green groups,American law explicitly stipulates the application scope,the object and the legal issues of citizen suits.