手写时代到印刷时代拉丁字母文字形态的演变及信息传递

Typeface Innovation and Information Communication of Latin Alphabet from Handwriting Age to Printing Age

文字是人类文明进步不可缺少的基本工具,它既是语言的载体,也是信息化社会的基础。拉丁字母文字从一万多年前的原始文字到现代表音的字母文字,经历了漫长的原始文字、古典文字和字母文字三大阶段,文字形态的每一个变化,在保有历史痕迹的同时,也实现了更加快速有效传达信息的目的。各个时代不同的文字书写工具和载体作为媒介指导了信号的传递,并直接影响到当时的文字形态和信息传达。古登堡铅活字印刷术的发明带来了信息传递的重大技术变革,使得文字形态进入印刷文化阶段;印刷油墨和纸张作为文字的新载体在世界范围内推广,陆续产生了现在依然有影响力的诸多拉丁字母文字。铅字字模印刷文字形态的一致性,使得固定形态重复出现时的文字可识别性大大提高,形成了规范的印刷品文字形态,使文字的易读性和可读性明显优于形态相对不固定的手写体,使信息能够被更加清晰准确地传递,对更好地实现文字的功能具有重要意义。随着信息化社会的发展,印刷文字扮演着越来越重要的角色,拉丁字母文字印刷体形态如何更好地传达信息必将得到更大的关注和更深入的研究。

Characters play the important function in social development.It is not only the carrier of language,but also the basis of informationized society.For Latin alphabet,there are primitive character period,classical character period and alphabetical character period from the primitive characters to alphabetical characters.Every formal change of the character accelerated the speed of information transmission while keeping their historical traces.As a kind of media,the writing tools and carriers of different times directed the transmission of information and directly influenced the typeface of characters and communication of information.The invention of Gutenberg brought major technological innovation,and printing ink and paper became the new carriers of characters,which were widely promoted worldwide and various latin alphabetical characters came into being gradually.Font disk shares the same form and their reoccurrence greatly promoted the level of identification and the normalization of printing characters came into being.As a result,the readability and legibility of printing characters were superior to that of handwritten characters.So that information can be more clearly and accurately delivered and better realization of its functional significance.Printing characters plays more and more important roles as carriers of information with the development of information society and their role in conveying information would arouse more concern and deeper research.