舟曲特大山洪泥石流灾后住院幸存者心理健康与应激障碍调查研究

A Study on the Psychological Health and Stress Disorder of Hospitalized Survivors of Zhouqu Debris Flow Disaster

目的评估舟曲泥石流灾害中灾区住院幸存者的心理状况,为当地针对性开展灾害心理干预提供依据。方法采用心理健康自评问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和PTSD-SS量表对67名住院幸存者和同期病情相似的非灾区住院患者47名进行调查。结果灾后住院幸存者出现不同程度的心理健康问题和不同程度的创伤后心理应激障碍症状,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01、P<0.01)。灾后住院幸存者SAS平均得分48.44±15.648分,SDS平均得分52.92±11.672分,均明显高于对照组(P<0.01、P<0.05)。结论泥石流灾害给灾区民众带来了不同程度的心理伤害和创伤。因此,在救治幸存者生理疾病的同时,对灾后住院幸存者针对性开展和加强灾后心理救援的心理干预和调控,以缓解和降低其心理问题极其必要。

Objective To evaluate the psychological trauma incurred by the hospitalization survivor of Zhouqu district after the Zhouqu debris flow so as to provide relevant information for psychological and medical interventions.Methods The psychological state of 67 hospitalized survivors of the disaster and other 47 inpatients with similar complaints but not coming from the disaster area was investigated through a mental health self-assessment questionnaire,self-rating anxiety scale（SAS）,self-rating depression scale（SDS） and PTSD-SS scale.Results The post-disaster survivors had different levels of psychological problems and post-traumatic stress disorder,and there were significant differences compared to the control group（P0.01,P0.01）.The SDS score and the SAS score of the survivor were 48.44＋15.648 and 52.92＋11.672,respectively,which were all much higher than those of the control group（P0.01,P0.05）.Conclusion The debris flow disaster bring serious psychological trauma to the victims.It is necessary to pertinently carry out post-disaster psychological relief including psychological intervention and regulation for the hospitalized survivors,so as to alleviate and reduce their psychological suffering.