大豆秸秆基保水剂对烟田土壤水分及烟草生长的影响

Effects of Soybean Straw-based Water Retaining Agent on the Tobacco Field Moisture and Tobacco Growth

为了考察自制改性大豆秸秆基保水剂对旱区烟田土壤水分和烟草生长的影响,在南阳旱区烟田进行大田试验。设置4个不同保水剂用量处理,研究供试保水剂用量对烟田土壤水分、烟草农艺性状、产量、产值和主要物理性状的影响。结果表明:保水剂可以显著抑制土壤水分的流失,增强烟草的抗旱性,并且抑制作用随保水剂施用量的增加而增强;同时能改善土壤物理性状,降低土壤容重,提高土壤总孔隙度,促进烟草生长,提高烟叶的产量和质量。但保水剂施用过量容易造成土壤板结,不利于烟草的生长。在不同用量大豆秸秆基保水剂处理中,以195 kg/hm2用量对提高烟草农艺性状、产量、产值和主要物理性状效果最好。

In order to study effects of soybean straw-based water retaining agent on the soil moisture and tobacco growth in tobacco fields of drought area,effects of usage amount on the soil moisture,tobacco agronomic characters,yield,output value and major physical characters were studied through field experiments with four treatments in tobacco fields of Nanyang drought areas.Results showed that water retaining agent reduced water loss obviously,producing better effects with higher application amount,and enhanced drought-resistance of tobacco.Meanwhile water retaining agent improved soil physical properties,decreased soil bulk density and raised soil total porosity,and therefore,improved tobacco growth and enhanced the yield and quality.However,excessive application of water retaining agent could easily cause soil compaction,adverse to the growth of tobacco.In all of the treatments,the improvement effects on tobacco agronomic characters,yield,output value and major physical characters were best when amount of water retaining agent was 195 kg/ha.