三聚氰胺对蛋鸡的急性毒性和蓄积毒性

Acute and Accumulative Toxicity of Melamine in Layers

通过2个试验,研究三聚氰胺经口染毒对蛋鸡的急性毒性和蓄积毒性。试验一,选择70只220日龄海兰褐蛋鸡随机分成7组,每组10只,蛋鸡一次口服三聚氰胺的剂量分别是944.7、1306.7、1807.4、2500.1、3458.0、4783.1和6616.0mg/kg,研究三聚氰胺对蛋鸡的急性毒性。试验二,选择40只240日龄的海兰褐蛋随机分成对照组和试验组,每组20只,试验组蛋鸡每日口服三聚氰胺605.0mg/kg,累积剂量至5LD50时结束试验,对照组口服等量淀粉,研究三聚氰胺对蛋鸡的蓄积毒性。试验结束后,对存活蛋鸡进行耐受性测定。结果表明,海兰褐蛋鸡口服三聚氰胺的LD50为2419.9mg/kg,95%可信限是2017.0～2903.4mg/kg。蓄积系数K>5。三聚氰胺中毒存活鸡一次口服三聚氰胺2419.9mg/kg后,蛋鸡死亡率达8.3%;对照组蛋鸡初次口服三聚氰胺2419.9mg/kg后,死亡率达45%,二者差异显著(P<0.05)。由此可见,三聚氰胺对蛋鸡具有低毒性、轻度蓄积的特点,蛋鸡对三聚氰胺具有较高的耐受性。

Two trials were conducted to determine acute oral toxicity and accumulative toxicity of melamine in layers. Experiment 1 was acute oral toxicity test. Seventy Hy-line layers were divided randomly into seven groups which were orally administered with melamine 944.7, 1 306.7,1 807.4,2 500.1,3 458.0,4 783.1 and 6 616.0 mg/kg respectively. Experiment 2 was accumulative toxicity test. Forty Hy-line layers were divided randomly into experimental and eontrol groups. The layers of experimental group were orally administered with melamine 605.0 mg/kg daily,until the integrating dose was five LD50 After accumulative toxicity test,the melamine poisoning survivors were orally administered with melamine 2419.9 mg/kg to observe tolerance. The results showed that the LD50 of melamine was estimated to be 2 419.9 mg/kg in layers,95% confidence limits were 2 017.0 mg/kg to 2 903.4 mg/kg,the accumulative coefficient （K） was greater than five. Mortality of the melamine poisoning survivors was 8.3% ,however mortality of the control group was 45% ,the difference of both was significant （P〈0.05）. The melamine toxicity to layers is lower, accumulative toxicity is slight,and layers has high tolerance of melamine.