镇江方言声调音系过程的管辖音系学解释

A Government-phonological Account of Zhenjiang Tonal Processes

镇江方言的声调音系过程包括连读变调和轻声。其连读变调兼有调型调整与调域调整。此前的观点认为这两次调整有着各自的动因,而且两种操作是相互独立的。本文认为,管辖音系学声调理论对镇江方言连读变调的解释,可以避免变调解释中引入调型调整和调域调整等相互割裂的多重音系变化过程。调域的调整乃是调型调整过程中在系统的最基本制约条件——允准制约条件的作用下自然而成的结果。此外,管辖音系学能为连读变调和轻声给出原则性的统一解释。

Tonal processes in Zhenjiang dialect include processes of tone sandhi and neutral tone.Zhenjiang dialect is deemed as typical of combining contour change and register change in sandhi processes,both of which are considered to be motivated by separate causes and therefore to be two distinct processes.This paper argues that Zhenjiang tone sandhi can be explained within the framework of Government Phonology with a conclusion that register change results naturally from the regulation of licensing constraint,a fundamental constraint with the tonal system.As a result,the unwelcome integration of separate processes of contour change and register change can be avoided.Moreover,the government-phonological framework treats tone sandhi and neutral tone in a systematic and principled way.