环境规制强度和生产技术进步

The Intensity of Environmental Regulation and Technological Progress of Production

波特假说认为,合适的环境规制能激发"创新补偿"效应,从而不仅能弥补企业的"遵循成本",还能提高企业的生产率和竞争力。由于其本身的现实意义,引发了大量学者对此进行研究。然而到目前为止,关于环境规制强度与企业生产技术进步之间的关系却鲜有文献提及。为此,本文在环境规制强度和企业生产技术进步之间构建了数理模型,并采用面板数据方法,对1998—2007年中国30个省份的工业部门进行了检验,研究结果表明:(1)在东部和中部地区,初始较弱的环境规制强度确实削弱了企业的生产技术进步率,然而,随着环境规制强度的增加,企业的生产技术进步率逐步提高,即环境规制强度和企业生产技术进步之间呈现"U"型关系;(2)在西部地区,受到环境规制形式的影响,环境规制强度和企业的生产技术进步之间尚未形成在统计意义上显著的"U"型关系。因此,从长远的角度看,政府应当制定合理的环境规制政策,使企业不仅能实现治污技术的提升,而且能实现生产技术的进步,进而为中国实现环境保护和经济增长的"双赢"提供技术支持。

Porter hypothesis considers that appropriate environmental regulation can stimulate the effect of ＂ innovative compensation＂, which can not only offset enterprise＇s ＂ compliance cost＂, but also improve its productivity and competitiveness. Because of its own practical significance, such hypothesis attracts numbers of scholars＇ interests in studying it. But there are few documents talking about the relationship between the intensity of environmental regulation and enterprise＇s technological progress of production so far. Therefore, this paper constructs a mathematical model between the intensity of environmental regulation and enterprise＇s technological progress of production, and conducts an empirical test on industrial sectors of China＇s 30 provinces between 1998--2007 based on panel data method, and the results show that：（ 1 ） in eastern and central regions, the initial weaker intensity of environmental regulation really weakens the rate of enterprise＇s technological progress of production, however, with the increase of intensity of environmental regulation, the rate of enterprise＇s technological progress of production gradually increases, which means a U-type relationship between the intensity of environmental regulation and enterprise＇s technological progress of production; （2） in western regions, influenced by environmental regulation forms, the intensity of environmental regulation and enterprise＇s teehnologieal progress of production hadn＇t formed a U-type relationship in statistical significance. Therefore, from a long-term point of view, the government should enact proper environmental regulation policy to make the enterprise not only promote the technological progress of pollution abatement, but also the technological progress of production, thus to provide technical support for the realization of the ＂win-win＂ situation between environmental protection and economic growth.