我国古城镇景观基因“胞—链—形”的图示表达与区域差异研究

A STUDY ON ICON-EXPRESSION OF CHINA'S ANCIENT-CITY LANDSCAPE GENES "CELL-CHAIN-SHAPE" AND REGIONAL DIFFERENCES

根据地图学中图示的表达方法和理念,受生物学中基因概念的启发,采用图谱的构建范式和城市形态学的相关思路,提出了我国古城镇景观基因研究的"胞—链—形"方法。通过深入研究发现:①我国古城镇景观基因形态可大致分为正方形、长方形、拟方形、椭圆形、圆形和不规则形等类型,并呈现出一定的地域相似性和演变的规律性;②我国古城镇景观基因胞在时间序列上呈现出不断多样化的趋势,在空间上呈现出一定的继承性和变异性;③我国古城镇景观基因链主要分为等级规制式和因地制宜式,但受地理环境等因素的影响,表现出较大的空间差异性。

Ancient cities are the historical and cultural treasures of China. How to express its landscape com- prehensively and objectively？ And how to anatomy and display its occurrence and development law？ This paper aims to examine these issues. Inspired by Kevin Lynch＇s five elements of urban intention concept, the au- thors divide an ancient city＇s landscape structure into three parts which are landscape genes cell （basic unit of landscape）, landscape genes chain （join channel of landscape） and landscape genes shape （whole form of landscape）. Based on the methods and ideas expression of map icon, inspired by the concept of genes in biol- ogy, propose ancient city＇s landscape genes ＂cell-chain-shape＂ method, the authors find that （1） the ancient city＇s landscape gene shape can be broadly divided into types of square, rectangle, square, oval, round, irregu- lar-shape, which can show the geographical similarities and the law of evolution. From spatial perspective, the genes shape of north china are mostly square; border areas are mostly rectangular; Yunnan mostly to be square; central and southern china are oval; Jiangsu, Jiangxi and Anhui are mostly round; Guizhou, Fujian, Zhejiang and other provinces are mostly irregular; （2） an ancient city＇s landscape gene cell is the display win- dow of ancient city＇s basic unit. An ancient city＇s landscape gene cellular shows not only a continuous trend of diversification at the time series, but also some inheritance and variation in space; （3） an ancient city＇s land- scape gene chain is mainly divided into level-regulation and standard-style local conditions, but with the in- fluence of geographical environment, it also shows larger spatial differences.