地方神灵民间信仰与民众生活的互动联系——以黄道婆、王元为等地方神灵为例

The Interactive Contact of Chinese Folk Belief in Local Gods with People’s Daily Life:Based on the Fieldwork on the Folk Believes in Huang Daopo and Wang Yuanwei

中国地方神灵民间信仰与民众生活联系紧密，是一个具有深远意义的研究课题。地方神灵民间信仰所奉祀的地方神，几乎都是由当地的历史人物神化而成。他们生前都有某一方面的好名声，神化后，成为具有某种功能的神主。本文以浙江温州市永嘉县蓬溪村石压娘娘、上海乌泥泾黄道婆和浙江鄞州区鄞江镇王元目韦等民间地方神灵信仰的田野调查为基础，分析了中国民间地方神灵信仰与西方宗教的差异，论述了民间地方神灵信仰作为民众生活需求的产物所具有的独特时代性，强调了地方神灵民间信仰中的道德观念所具有的社会伦理价值，对当前我国现代化进程中进一步凝聚民族性具有的启发意义。

Always closely connected with people's daily life,the Chinese folk belief in local Gods is a profound research topic.The local Gods were always historic persons who were locally known for their good reputation.When they died,they were defied,and would then take charge of certain fields.Based on the respective fieldworks on the local folk believes in Shiya Goddess,Huang Daopo and Wang Yuanwei,this article analyzed the differences between Chinese folk belief in local Gods and Western religion,demonstrated the former's relation with people's living needs and its significance in highlighting the national spirit.