温州市区视力不良小学生屈光状态及相关因素

Analysis of refraction condition and related factors among primary students with visual anomalous in Wenzhou

目的：研究视力不良小学生屈光状态及近视眼发病的相关因素，方法：随机抽取温州市视力不良的小学生4696名（有效眼9392眼）进行扩瞳视网膜检影验光，填写调查表，调查各年级小学生屈光状态及其相关因素。结果：本组小学生视力不良以屈光不正为主，占79．7％，其中近视性屈光不正最多，占48．9％，其次是散光25.6％。随学习阶段上升，近视患病率逐渐增高，屈光参差患病率23．7％，弱视患病率以远视性屈光参差最高，达97．9％。近视眼发病与遗传因素（20．19％）及环境、体质因素有关。结论：在小学生中普查视力和屈光状态，以早期发现屈光不正和弱视，进行及时防治，对控制小学生视力不良有重要意义。

This study is aimed to investigae the refractive status and related factors among the primary pupils whase uncorrected visual acuity is abnormal during the vision screen. Methods: 4696 primary pupils who have the uncorrect ed VA under 1. 0 during the screen were earelled as the subjects. The refractive status was detendned hy Cyclopedia retinoscopy. And other eye exams and opestiormaire were done as well. Results: It showed that the ametropia was the main cause for the uncorrted visual acuity(79. 7% ), of which myopia was the first(48. 9% ), and astigmatism the second (25. 6% ). The prevalence of myopia is increed with the schooling age. The prevalence of whsometropia was 23. 7 %. 97. 9% of amblyopia was due to hypermetropical whsomtropia. 20. 19% of myopia was asaseiated with genetic factors. The prevalence of visual problem was related to environmental and physical factors. Condndon: Eary detecti0n and management of the vision problem Play an important role in controlhng the development of visual anomalous.