从“概念思辨”到“资本批判”——论马克思主义辩证法对传统辩证法的改造及其实质

From "Conceptual Speculation" to "Capital Critique":On Marxist Dialectic's Reforming of the Traditional Dialectic and Its Essence

关于马克思主义辩证法是＂物质辩证法＂还是＂实践辩证法＂的论争,是贯穿我国近30年来哲学研究的一条主线。这场论争虽然推进了问题的研究,但并没有真正取得突破性进展。这主要表现在：争论方法仍停留在直观或概念思辨层面,以至于不仅争论双方相持不下,而且未能阐明马克思＂颠倒＂黑格尔辩证法的真义。

Marxist dialectic's reforming of the traditional dialectic cannot be seen as replacing Hegel's absolute reason with material or practice,neither it is simplified as the material dialectic or the practical dialectic. Because the key point of Marx's overturning Hegel's dialectic is replacing the conceptual speculation with the capital critique,which is to overturn the realistic foundation of Hegel's dialectic through criticizing modern capitalism society. Therefore,the essence of Marxist dialectic is,to penetrate the conflicts and developing rules and trends of human society by the scientific understanding of the historical development of the practice,and so to provide the living wisdom for the people to surpass realistically the capital's abstract dominations.