耐盐型丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚高吸水树脂的合成及其性能研究

Study on Synthesis and Performance of the Novel Salt-tolerant AA-g-AM Superabsorbent Polymer

采用溶液聚合法,以丙烯酸(AA)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为单体,N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)为交联剂,过硫酸钾(KPS)为引发剂,合成出丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚高吸水树脂。探讨了单体比[m(丙烯酸):m(丙烯酰胺)]、交联剂和引发剂用量、单体中和度及聚合温度对树脂吸水率的影响。IR光谱表明,丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺发生了接枝共聚反应,当丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺质量比为7:10,交联剂和引发剂用量分别为聚合单体(丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺)总质量的0.04%和0.08%,中和度为0.53,聚合温度为60℃时,该树脂吸蒸馏水率和吸生理盐水率分别为400g/g和160g/g。

A graft - copolymerization polymer acrylate acid （AA） and acrylamide （AM） AA -g -AM was prepared in water solution by using as monomers, N , N ＇- methylene - his - aerylmide （NMBA） as crosslinker and potassium persulfate （KPS） as initiator. The effects of factors such as ratio of graft monomer, content of crosslinker and initiator, degree of neutralization and temperature on the absorbency of the graft - superabsorbent polymer were discussed. FTIR indicated that acrylic acid was grazed onacrylamide. The optimum reaction conditions were determined as follows ： m（AA ） ： m（ AM =7：10, dosage of crosslinker 0.04% and initiator 0.08% （based on mass of acrylic acid）, neutralization 0.53 and reaction temperature 60℃. The results showed that the absorbency of was 400g/g for distilled water and 160g/g for normal saline. The water - absorption rate and retention and ability of the resin were significantly enhanced, and a high water - absorbent with tolerance was observed.