湖南客家人由来及其传统聚落景观初探

Primary Exploration about Origin and Traditional Settlement Landscape of Hakka in Hunan Province

湖南地近闽粤赣边客家中心区域,为客家中心区人口向外扩散迁移的首冲区域。湖南的湘东山区、南岭山脉北侧的湘南丘陵山区,地大山深,其自然生态环境类似于客家中心区域。经罗香林、林浩、黄纯彬等学者研究考证,这一带集中分布有10多个非纯客家县(市、区),其客家传统聚落景观亦有相应分布。经新近进一步实地考察调研,前人研究成果得到了验证,而且发现其迁移扩散的范围更广,其客家传统聚落的类型也很多。但集中连片分布的不多,且多变异。

In mountain area of eastern Hunan Province and south Hunan Province and hills of north Nanling Mountains, where is in deep mountains, its natural environment similar to that of the Hakka central area. The research of Luo Xianglin, Lin Hao, Huang Chunbin and other scholars showed the band concentrated more than 10 non-pure Hakka counties （cities, districts ） , where accordingly distributes in traditional Hakka settlement landscape. Recently further on-the-spot investigation and survey show previous research has been verified, and find the range of migration and diffusion is wider, the types of traditional Hakka settlement are many and varied. However, not many residents live together, and more variation.