琳琅满目的美世界——论审美诸形态

A Superb,Colorful World of Beauty——On Aesthetic Modalities

美的世界是多彩多姿、琳琅满目的世界,缘于美自身具有众多的品种存在。作为"生命本真境界的开显",美的对象有其各不相同的生命内涵,其开显方式亦互有差异,于是形成了植根于共通生命本性上的审美诸形态,成为美的世界的多种价值功能及其整个价值系统的体现。本文从生命哲学的理念出发,就"美"、"丑"、"崇高"、"优美"、"悲剧性"、"喜剧性"、"新奇"、"怪诞"、"荒诞"、"娱乐"、"狂欢"、"眩惑"等美学范畴逐个进行考察、辨析,并就其相互依存与转化方式给予探讨、说明。审美诸形态之间不仅有逻辑上的关联,更有其历史演进过程中的盛衰兴替变化,故其价值系统亦将追随历史进程而不断得到调整和更新。不同民族因生活环境与文化传统的区别,所形成的审美形态亦会有相当的歧异,本文仅限于对西方美学惯用的范畴作出解析,适当比照中国自身的传统。

The world of beauty is superb and colorful,just because beauty has numerous modalities.And beauty,as the ＂revelation of original life state＂,not only possesses different life connotation for its life object,but also has different meaning for its mode of revelation Thus,based on the common life nature,aesthetic modalities are constituted,which embody various value functions of the beauty world and its entire value system.This essay,from the start of the principle of life philosophy,gives an investigation and analysis of such aesthetic categories as beauty,ugliness,sublime,daintiness,tragedy,comedy,novelty,eeriness,absurdness,amusement,revel and dizziness,and probe into the mode of their mutual dependence and transformation.For aesthetic modalities,not only exists the logic relation,but also appears the change of rise and fall in the process of historical development.Therefore,its value system continues to be regulated and renovated.Since different nation has different life circumstance and cultural tradition,the constituted aesthetic modality possesses considerable discrepancy.The argument here is limited in an interpretation of some idiomatic categories in the Western aesthetics,and,at the same time,makes some contrast with the tradition of China itself.