空间再配置:地区经济发展的新动力

Spatial Re-disposition as a New Force Promoting the Local Regional Economy

寻找新的经济增长动力、减小地区间收入差距,是整个中国所面临的时代难题。地区间人均意义上的收入差距是产值与人口在空间上的错配,纠正这种错配不仅能够缩小人均意义上的收入差距而且能够为经济发展提供新的动力机制——空间再配置效应。在实证上,作者采用1990-2007年间广东地级(及其以上)城市的面板数据,发现土地利用效率与其人口集聚程度正相关;土地利用效率在距大城市约300公里以内随距离的增加而下降,下降幅度超过50%。因此,纠正人口与产值的空间错配,不限制甚至引导人口从土地利用效率低的地方向土地利用效率高的地方流动,让人口在土地利用效率高的地方集聚,既可能缩小地方间的差距,也可能为经济发展注入新的动力。

According to the new economic geography,a new potential force for promoting Guangdong's sustainable growth and coordinate development is to correct the existing spatial misallocation by free migration.Using municipal level panel data,this paper finds population assemble lags behind economy assemble in the Pearl River delta area.The land use efficiency increases with the urban population density.In addition,Guangzhou hasn't produced the best effect in the Pearl River delta area,the increasing of land use efficiency owes to Hong Kong.Therefore,interregional population mobility is helpful to unleash the agglomerative effect of central big city,so as to keep Guangdong province in a sustainable high growth.Meanwhile,population and economical activity assemble in the province may corrects the mismatching of population and GDP,which may reduce the income gap.