西方考古学“三期论”传入考

A Study on the Import of Western Archeology'Theory of Three Stages'

西方考古学"三期论"传入中国,始于19世纪下半叶,最初通过在华传教士的介绍而渐被国人所知,至20世纪初年已成为人人皆知的常识。以中文"考古学"对译英文Archaology,最先由日本人开始使用,嗣后国人沿用日人译名。"三期论"推动了进化论思想的传播,康有为、梁启超等人都从中获取了思想资源。同时,趋新学人利用此种新知,运用于历史研究,在20世纪初年取得了一定成果。

'The theory of three stages'in western archaeology was introduced into China during the second half of the 19th century.Western missionaries in China made it known to the public,and it became a common knowledge in the early 20th century.Japanese first used'考古学'as an equivalent for the English word'archaeology',and then Chinese scholars followed the Japanese translation.'The theory of three stages'facilitated the dissemination of the ideas of evolution.Many Chinese scholars,such as Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao,obtained intellectual insights from it.Those scholars chasing new thought integrated this new theory with specific historiography practice,and harvested considerable fruits in the early 20th century.