宪政道路的新宪政指向:超越限权

The Path of New Constitutionalism to Build Constitutional Government:Beyond Confining Power

从古典宪政的力求避免暴政,到限制政府自由裁量的依法治理,到用经济社会力量限制政府权力,再到社会选择理论,传统宪政的发展走入了两难境地。新宪政论从两个向度回应:一是在理论上倡导有限而负责的政府,二是制度设计上要求一个不同于彻底参与式民主与讨价还价式审议民主的政治制度。用新宪政的观点来看待中国,一方面,传统宪政的限权对中国依然有意义;另一方面,培育公民社会是一个有效的落实手段。

Constitutionalism focuses on the standardized operation of public power and happy political life of citizen. The development tread of traditional constitutionalism can be traced back from the followings： avoiding tyranny claimed by classical constitutional theory; confining administrative decisions of government; confining power by economic and social force. Its evolution is caught in a real dilemma. New constitutionalism gives two explanations to the dilemma. One is to build a restricted and responsible government. The other is a request in the design of institution. Looking at China with the view of new constitutionalism, we should realize that confining public power still play an important role. At the same time, we can＇t overlook the inaction of government. And a restricted and efficient government calls for a high quality citizens who are active participant in politics and have discernment, ant then building a civil society full of justice and participated consciousness.