86例上颈部占位病变的临床病理分析

Clinical Pathological Analysis of 86 Cases with Upper Neck Occupying Lesion

【目的】探讨上颈部占位病变的临床病理类型及特点。【方法】回顾性分析86例上颈部占位病例的临床病理资料。【结果]86例患者中，颌下腺来源42例，其中肿瘤性病变27例（24例良性肿瘤和3例恶性肿瘤），涎石症15例。囊性病变共25例，包括11例甲状舌骨囊肿，7例鳃裂囊肿，4例（表）皮样囊肿，1例囊性水瘤，1例舌下腺囊肿及1例颈淋巴脓肿。另有7例颈淋巴结转移癌，5例恶性淋巴瘤，脂肪瘤4例以及血管瘤、神经鞘瘤、淋巴组织反应性增生各1例。【结论】上颈部占位病变临床病理类型多样，良恶性病变各占一定的比例，结合临床病史、体检、辅助检查（B超，CT，MRI等）及针吸活检一般可确诊，少数病例需切取或切除活检以明确诊断。

[Objective] To explore the clinical pathological types and features of upper neck occupying lesions. [Methods] Clinical pathological data of 86 cases of upper neck occupying lesions were analyzed retro- spectively. [Results] Among these 86 cases, 42 cases came from submaxillary salivary gland, including 24 benign tumors, 3 malignant tumors and 15 salivary calculus, and 25 cases were cystic diseases, including 11 thy- roglossal cysts, 7 branchial cleft cysts, 4 （epidermoid） dermoid cysts, 1 cystic hydroncus, 1 sublingual gland cyst and 1 cervical lymph abscess. In addition, there were 7 cases of cervical lymph metastatic carcinoma, 5 malignant lyrnphoma, 4 liparomphalus, 1 haemangioma, 1 neurilemmoma and 1 lymphoid tissue reactive hyperplasia. [Conclusion] Clinical pathological characteristics of upper neck occupying lesions are manifold. Benign and malignant diseases account for a certain proportion respectively. And diagnosis can be finally identified according to clinical history, medical examination, aspiration-needle biopsy and auxiliary examination, ineluding B-ultrasound, CT and MRI. Biopsy should be performed for few cases in order to identify the diagnosis.