黑龙江三江自然保护区湿地保护法律问题研究

The Research on Legal Issues in How to Protect the Wetland in Heilongjiang Sanjiang Nature Reserve

长期以来，黑龙江三江自然保护区湿地由于人口的增长、经济开发活动频繁增加，社会公众和管理者对湿地的功能和综合价值缺乏足够的认知，对其只是索取，而缺乏有效的保护，致使湿地生态环境发生了重大变化，造成水环境污染严重，土壤沙化、盐碱化面积不断扩大。灾害性气候频繁发生，动植物等生物多样性急剧减少，这与中国可持续发展的战略主旨及世界潮流相悖。在此，对黑龙江三江自然保护区湿地的现存问题进行分析，以期通过完善区域专项立法、建立湿地专管机构和湿地管理专项资金、完善管理协调机制、建立湿地环境影响评价制度和生态补偿制度、完善环境保护相关法律责任等途径，切实做到对湿地的保护和开发利用并重。

For a long time, the ecological environment Heilongjiang sanjiang nature reserve wetlands has happened great changes. This is because population growth, more and more economic development activities, social public and managers have not enough understanding for wetland functions and comprehensive value. They can only obtain, but can not protect effectively. They caused water environment pollution seriously, soil desertification, reclamation area expands unceasingly, severe climate phenome- non frequently occur, animal and plant diversity reduce sharply, tt conflicts with the sustainable development of strategic purport of our country and the world trend. Therefore, this paper analyses the problem of Heilongjiang sanjiang nature reserve wetlands. I hope through the following measures to protect and exploit wetlands. For example, perfect regional special legislation; establish special institutions ; establish special money ; perfect management coordination mechanism; set up enviromnental impact assessment system and ecological compensation system;perfect legal responsibilities related to environmental protection.