146例神经外科医院感染的调查分析

Investigation of 146 Cases of Hospital Infection in Neurosurgery Department

目的探讨神经外科医院感染的危险因素、易感部位,以便制定防治措施,有效地降低医院感染发病率。方法对2008年～2010年我院神经外科收治的3634例住院患者的医院感染情况进行前瞻性加回顾性调查。结果 3634例住院患者查出146例医院感染,医院感染发病率为4.02%;感染例次数为157例,感染例次发病率为4.32%。感染部位的构成比以下呼吸道为最高,第2位是颅内感染;危险因素有原发性疾病危重、住院时间长、昏迷及卧床时间久、手术时间长、侵入性操作多。结论对住院时间长、昏迷、侵入性操作多、手术时间长的患者,护理工作中应采取相应的护理对策,预防和控制医院感染。

Objective To discuss the risk factors and susceptible parts of nosocomial infection in neurosurgery department for preventive measures to reduce the incidence ofnosocomial infection. Methods To prospectively and restrospectively analyze the nosocomial infection in 3 634 neurosurgery patients from 2008 to 2010. Results Of 3 634 patients, 146 patients were found hospital infection （4.02%）, the number of infected cases was 157 （4.32%）. In the composition of the site of infection, lower respiratory tract infection was the highest, the second was the intracranial infection. Risk factors included： severe primary disease, length of hospital stay, coma and prolonged bed, long operation time, invasive procedures and so on. Conclusion It is essential that in the nursing process appropriate measures should be taken to prevent and control nosocomial infection in the patients of the long hospital stay, coma, more invasive operation, long operation time.