可持续发展评价指标(体系)及其确定方法的探讨

A study on the approach of establishing indicator system for assessing sustainable development.

通过对目前已有的可持续发展指标体系的研究，指出现有指标体系忽略了可持续性内涵、环境的限制作用、社会公平性及经济增长的影响作用等主要内容．提出采用离差法来计算可持续发展评价指标．建议采用限制型指标、发展型指标、协调型指标来评价系统的可持续性；标准值或参考值采用反映系统不可持续性状态的底线值以及反映整个人类状况的全球、区域或国家现时平均值．同时还提出了不可持续性标准值、不可持续状态、远离不可持续状态、迈进可持续发展过程等概念．强调单项指标的重要性，指出单项指标离差度对系统可持续性的指示作用．

Based on the study of current indicator system of sustainable development, this paper points out that the current indicator systems ignore the important meaning of sustainability, social equity, environmental restriction and economical growth. It proposes that deviation method should be applied in calculating indicators for assessing sustainable development. In evaluating the state of one system or a sub-system, the indicators reflecting restriction, development and coordination of the system would be more representative. Regarding standard and reference values, the average of present human situation within one area,state or the whole world should be adopted. This paper also introduces such new concepts as standard value of unsustainability,state of unsustainability,state of far-away from unsustainability and state of ongoing to sustainability. It emphasizes on the importance of individul indicator in reflecting sustainability.